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There is a potential for PrEP to delay or attenuate seroconversion in people who may have been exposed to HIV just before starting PrEP, or who acquire HIV infection while taking PrEP (e.g. due to poor adherence or transmitted drug resistant virus) (4-6). There is not a broad international agreement on how to manage these patients. Patients who have an indeterminate HIV test result while on PrEP (particularly, those with repeated indeterminate test results) should be closely monitored in conjunction with an HIV specialist and in consultation with a diagnostic laboratory scientist who should be informed that the patient is taking PrEP. The ASHM PrEP Guidelines Panel will continue to monitor this issue with a view to providing further guidance.